| Syamzhensky District (English) Сямженский район (Russian) |
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Location of Syamzhensky District on the map of Vologda Oblast |
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| Coordinates: | |
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Vologda Oblast[1] |
| Administrative center | selo of Syamzha[2] |
| # of cities/towns | 0[2] |
| # of urban-type settlements | 0[2] |
| # of selsoviets | 10[2] |
| Municipal status (as of May 2010) | |
| Municipally incorporated as | Syamzhensky Municipal District[3] |
| - # of urban settlements | 0[3] |
| - # of rural settlements | 8[3] |
| Statistics | |
| Area | 3,900 km2 (1,500 sq mi)[4] |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
8,745 inhabitants[5] |
| Population (2002 Census) | 10,384 inhabitants[6] |
| - Urban population | 0% |
| - Rural population | 100% |
| Density | 2 /km2 (5.2 /sq mi)[7] |
| Time zone | MSD (UTC+04:00)[8] |
| Established | January 25, 1935[4] |
| Official website | |
Syamzhensky District (Russian: Сямженский район) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia.[1] Municipally, it is incorporated as Syamzhensky Municipal District.[3] It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Vozhegodsky District in the north, Verkhovazhsky District in the northeast, Totemsky District in the east, Sokolsky District in the south, and Kharovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 3,900 square kilometers (1,500 sq mi). Its administrative center is the selo of Syamzha.[2] District's population: 8,745 (2010 Census preliminary results);[5] 10,384 (2002 Census);[6] 12,204 (1989 Census).[9] Population of Syamzha accounts for 37.9% of the district's population.[6]
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The area in general was originally populated by the Finno-Ugric peoples and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic. In the upper course of the Syamzhena River the remains of the settlement from 12th century - Chudin Val - have been preserved.[4] After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great the area was included into Archangelgorod Governorate. In 1780, the governorate was abolished and transformed into Vologda Viceroyalty. The latter was abolished in 1796, and the part of it which included the current area of the district was made Vologda Governorate. The district area was shared between Kadnikovsky and Totemsky Uyezds.
In 1929, several governorates, including Vologda Governorate, were merged into Northern Krai. On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, and Syamzhensky District with the center in the village of Yarygino was established and became a part of Vologda Okrug of Northern Krai. In 1930, the okrug was abolished, and the district became subordinate to the central administration of Northern Krai. On August 5, 1931, Syamzhensky District was abolished, and its area was divided between Kharovsky and Totemsky Districts.[4] On January 25, 1935, the district was reestablished.[10] The district center was established in the village of Dyakovskaya. In 1936, the krai was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Syamzhensky District remained in Vologda Oblast ever since. In 1953, the district center was moved in the selo of Syamzha, with the exception of the aborted administrative reforms of 1962-1965, when it was appended to Kharovsky District.
Almost the entire area of the district belongs to the river basin of the Kubena. The Kubena crosses the northwestern part of the district, entering from the nort and exiting to the west. The major tributary of the Kubena within the district is the Syamzhena. The southern part of the district belongs to the river basin of the Syamzhena, in particular, the district center, the selo of Syamzha, is located on the banks of the Syamzhena. The biggest lake of the district, Lake Shichengskoye, also drains into the Syamzhena. The central and northern parts of the district belong to the river basins of other tributaries of the Kubena, such as the Verdenga and the Yakhrenga. The northeastern part of the district drains into the Vaga River, a major tributary of the Northern Dvina River, and the Vaga crosses the district in the northern direction. Finally, some minor areas in the south and southeast of the district belong to the river basins of tributaries of the Sukhona such as the Tsaryova and the Dvinitsa. The whole area of the district thus belongs to the river basin of the Northern Dvina and to the White Sea basin.
Considerable areas within the district are covered by coniferous forests. There are swamps, in particular, in the south, east, and northeast of the district. The biggest swamp in the district, the Shichengskoye Swamp, is located around Lake Shichengskoye.
The economy of the district is dominated by timber industry, which produces 82% of all goods in the district.[11]
In 2010, six large- and mid-scale farms operated in the district. The main directions were cattle breeding and growing of crops. The farms produced milk and meat, and crops were mainly used to feed cattle.[11]
One of the principal highways in Russia, M8, which connects Moscow and Arkhangelsk, crosses the district from the south to the north, passing Syamzha. There are also local roads, with the bus traffic originating from Syamzha.
None of the rivers are navigable in the limits of the district.
The district contains sixty-three objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance.[12] Most of these are wooden farms and churches built prior to 1917.
In 2006, the Syamzhensky District Museum was opened in Syamzha. It displays archaeologic, ethnographic, and local interest collections.[13]
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